The user submitted the following data:

Fram Type: Closed

Breed: Ross 308

Bedding Status: Dry

Age: 16

Feed Intake: 11

Here is how the farmer described the situation:

The house size is 2470 birds. there are signs of coughing, sneezing, dullness and greenish diarrhea. symptoms started to appear at age of 10. normally the mortality rate is 3 birds per day.

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Disease Diagnosis Based on User Input:

Propable Diseases

• - Infectious Bronchitis (IBV), likely nephropathogenic/respiratory strain: Onset at 10 days with rapid spread, cough/sneeze and dullness fit IBV in young broilers. Green droppings can result from anorexia and/or renal involvement causing bile-stained urates. IBV is endemic in the region and often followed by secondary E. coli.
• - Avian paramyxovirus-1 (Newcastle disease, lentogenic/mesogenic field strain): Respiratory signs with greenish diarrhea and a rise in mortality are compatible with NDV. Lack of neurological signs and extreme mortality makes velogenic ND less likely, but field ND is common in Jordan and can present similarly to IBV.
• - Low-pathogenic Avian Influenza (H9N2): Endemic in the Middle East; causes respiratory disease with variable mortality, commonly complicated by E. coli. Green droppings can occur secondary to anorexia/bile. Needs PCR to distinguish from IBV/NDV.
• - Secondary bacterial infection (Colibacillosis ± Mycoplasma gallisepticum): Respiratory viruses frequently predispose to E. coli airsacculitis/septicemia, driving mortality. Mycoplasma can exacerbate coughing/rales at 2–3 weeks, increasing severity and duration.
• - Coccidiosis (Eimeria spp.) – differential: Age window (14–21 days) fits. Green droppings can occur from bile due to reduced intake, but primary respiratory signs make coccidiosis less likely. Confirm by fecal/lesion scoring before treating.

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Recommended Treatment

• Regimen A (first-line if severe bacterial involvement suspected): Amoxicillin (or amoxicillin-clavulanate) + consider Tylosin if strong Mycoplasma suspicion: Amoxicillin 15–20 mg/kg live weight via drinking water for 5 days (approx. 500–1000 mg/L; adjust to consumption). If Mycoplasma suspected, add Tylosin 500–1000 mg/L for 3–5 days.
  Targets E. coli; macrolide adds Mycoplasma coverage. Do not mix powders in the same stock if compatibility is uncertain; run in separate tanks or sequentially. Monitor water intake and adjust concentration. Observe label withdrawal times.
• Regimen B (alternative): Florfenicol: 20–30 mg/kg via drinking water for 3–5 days (typically 100–200 mg/L depending on intake)
  Good coverage for respiratory bacteria including E. coli and ORT; some effect on Mycoplasma. Do not use concurrently with ionophore anticoccidials known to interact adversely. Observe withdrawal (often 10–12+ days).
• Regimen C (if Mycoplasma strongly suspected or macrolide strategy preferred): Doxycycline + Tylosin: Doxycycline 20–25 mg/kg (200–400 mg/L) for 5 days + Tylosin 500–1000 mg/L for 3–5 days
  Synergistic for CRD complex. E. coli resistance to tetracyclines is common; prioritize based on past responses and, ideally, culture/sensitivity.
• Only if coccidiosis is confirmed or highly suspected: Amprolium: Severe: 240 mg/L for 2 days then 120 mg/L for 3–5 days; Mild: 120 mg/L for 5–7 days
  Follow with a vitamin supplement containing thiamine after treatment. Alternatively, toltrazuril per label if preferred. Do not give unless lesions/oocysts support diagnosis.

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Supportive Therapy

• - Electrolytes with bicarbonate and potassium for 3–5 days (helps if IBV nephrosis; aim water pH ~6–6.5).
• - Multivitamins with A, D3, E, B-complex and selenium for 3–5 days.
• - Raise house temperature by 1–2°C above normal temporarily to reduce chill stress; avoid overheating.
• - Reduce dust and ammonia; increase minimum ventilation to keep NH3 <10 ppm.
• - Organic acids in water to pH 4.0–4.5 (if not giving antibiotics that are acid-sensitive) to improve water hygiene.
• - Probiotics 24–48 h after finishing antibiotics to restore gut flora.
• - Provide easy-access feed (crumbles/wet mash) and ensure adequate, clean drinker space; flush lines daily.
• - Optional mucolytic/expectorant (e.g., bromhexine if available) per label for 3–5 days to improve mucus clearance.

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Recommended Management

• - Immediate mortality management: remove dead birds at least 2–3 times/day to lower bacterial load.
• - Ventilation: increase fresh air exchange without chilling; target RH 50–70%; keep ammonia <10 ppm.
• - Drinker management: correct height/pressure to prevent leakage; add dry litter under lines; keep litter dry.
• - Stocking density: if possible, reduce crowding by opening partitions or redistributing birds within available space.
• - Biosecurity: restrict entry; dedicated boots/clothing; footbaths at entry; no sharing equipment between farms; control rodents and wild birds.
• - Waterline sanitation: between flocks and during off-medication periods, flush with approved sanitizers (e.g., stabilized H2O2) and verify residuals.
• - Review vaccination program and technique for ND/IB (hatchery spray quality, boosters at farm, vaccine strains/variants relevant to Jordan).
• - Record keeping: track daily feed/water intake and mortality; note response to treatment within 48–72 h. If no improvement, reassess and adjust based on lab results.
• - Plan downtime and thorough cleaning/disinfection after flock; all-in/all-out if possible to reduce pathogen carryover.

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Lab Tests

• - RT-qPCR on pooled tracheal and cloacal swabs for IBV, NDV (APMV-1), and AI (H9, H5, H7).
• - PCR for Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae from tracheal swabs.
• - Bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility from lungs/air sacs/liver (E. coli ± Ornithobacterium).
• - Necropsy on fresh mortalities: examine trachea (catarrhal tracheitis), air sacs (turbidity/caseous exudate), kidneys (pale, swollen with urates) and intestines; document lesions with photos.
• - Serology (paired samples, 7–10 days apart): NDV HI and IBV ELISA to assess rising titers.
• - Coccidiosis assessment if diarrhea persists: fecal oocyst counts/floatation and lesion scoring (Johnson & Reid).
• - Water quality testing: pH, bacterial counts, hardness/TDS; check for biofilm in lines.

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Missing Information

• - Detailed vaccination history (hatchery and farm) for NDV/IBV/AI and any Mycoplasma status.
• - Exact number of birds placed and current live count (house shows 2470 vs flock 3000).
• - Any treatments already given (antibiotics, anticoccidials, vitamins) and response.
• - Feed and water intake trends since day 9–10; recent feed change or quality issues.
• - House environment over the last week: temperature, relative humidity, ventilation rate, ammonia levels.
• - Clinical detail: nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, facial/head swelling, torticollis or other neuro signs.
• - Post-mortem findings (trachea, air sacs, lungs, kidneys, intestines).
• - Coccidiosis control program (ionophore/chemical in feed) and litter condition around drinkers.
• - Site status: multi-age vs all-in/all-out; proximity to other poultry farms; recent nearby outbreaks.