The user submitted the following data:

Fram Type: Open

Breed: Ross 308

Bedding Status: Wet

Age: 25

Feed Intake: 1452

Here is how the farmer described the situation:

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Disease Diagnosis Based on User Input:

Propable Diseases

• - Coccidiosis (Eimeria spp.): Age 25 days (classic window 18–28 d), wet litter, sharp rise in mortality. Wet bedding strongly predisposes to Eimeria cycling and outbreaks.
• - Necrotic enteritis (Clostridium perfringens) secondary to coccidiosis: Often follows or coincides with coccidiosis due to intestinal mucosal damage. Presents with sudden increased mortality at 3–5 weeks, worsened by wet litter and feed/water changes.
• - Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD, Gumboro): Typical age 3–6 weeks; causes immunosuppression and a mortality spike. Wet litter and secondary bacterial infections can mask classical signs.
• - Colibacillosis (E. coli septicemia/airsacculitis): Wet litter and immunosuppression (IBD/coccidiosis) predispose to E. coli septicemia with increased daily mortality.
• - Fowl typhoid/Salmonellosis (S. Gallinarum/Pullorum) - differential: Can cause increased mortality in growers, but requires lab confirmation; often associated with hepatosplenomegaly and septicemia.
• - Newcastle disease or Avian Influenza - differential: Regionally endemic; usually accompanied by respiratory/neurologic or sudden high mortality. Include as differentials until ruled out by PCR, especially if mortality is disproportionate to flock size.

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Recommended Treatment

• Amprolium (for coccidiosis): 0.012% a.i. in drinking water for 5–7 days, then 0.006% for 3–5 days
  0.012% = 120 mg amprolium base per liter; with a 20% soluble powder use 0.6 g/L (then 0.3 g/L). Do not give vitamin B1 (thiamine) during treatment.
• Toltrazuril (alternative anticoccidial): 7 mg/kg body weight via drinking water once daily for 2 consecutive days; repeat once after 5 days if needed
  Practically: many 25 mg/mL products are used at ~1 mL/L for 2 days. Adjust concentration to actual water intake to deliver ~7 mg/kg.
• Sulfaquinoxaline (alternative anticoccidial): 0.025% a.i. in water for 3 days, then 0.0125% for 2 days
  Add Vitamin K concurrently (see supportive therapy). Ensure adequate water intake; monitor for kidney stress. Observe withdrawal times.
• Amoxicillin (for necrotic enteritis and/or colibacillosis): 15–20 mg/kg body weight via drinking water for 3–5 days
  Calculate based on actual daily water intake to reach target mg/kg. Effective against Clostridium perfringens and many E. coli; confirm with culture/sensitivity if possible.
• Lincomycin (for necrotic enteritis): 10–15 mg/kg body weight via drinking water for 5–7 days
  If using lincomycin–spectinomycin combos, follow label. Useful for clostridial enteritis; do not combine with ionophores at high doses without checking compatibility.
• Bacitracin (feed medication for NE control): 25–50 ppm in feed for 7–14 days
  Short-term in-feed medication to reduce clostridial load; follow local regulations and product withdrawal times.
• Doxycycline or Florfenicol (for colibacillosis if amoxicillin unavailable): Doxycycline 10 mg/kg or Florfenicol 20 mg/kg via water for 3–5 days
  Use based on sensitivity testing when possible. Monitor water intake and adjust concentration accordingly.
• Enrofloxacin (reserve, only if legal and justified by sensitivity): 10 mg/kg via water for 3–5 days
  Use only if permitted in your jurisdiction and after culture/sensitivity due to antimicrobial resistance and public health concerns.

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Supportive Therapy

• - Vitamin-electrolyte solution in water for 3–5 days to support hydration and recovery
• - Vitamin K3 at 2–5 mg/L water for 3 days (especially if blood in droppings or using sulfas) to reduce intestinal bleeding
• - Probiotics (e.g., Bacillus spp.) for 3–5 days to restore gut flora
• - Organic acids in water to target pH 4.5–5.0; maintain 2–3 ppm free chlorine at drinker ends for water sanitation (avoid mixing acids and chlorine in same stock unless product allows)
• - Toxin binder in feed (e.g., for aflatoxin/others) pending feed quality review
• - Reduce dietary risk factors for NE: limit sudden high-wheat/high-viscosity diets; ensure adequate enzymes (xylanase) if using wheat

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Recommended Management

• - Immediate litter management: remove/replace the wettest patches, especially under/around drinkers; top up with dry, clean litter to achieve 8–10 cm depth.
• - Fix drinker leaks and adjust drinker height/pressure to reduce spillage. For nipples, target ~12 birds per nipple; for bell drinkers, 1 per 80–100 birds.
• - Improve ventilation to keep RH <70% and ammonia <10 ppm; increase air exchanges without chilling birds.
• - Verify brooding/grow-out temperatures for 25-day broilers (~24–26°C) and avoid drafts; ensure adequate space and reduce crowding if possible.
• - Water management: flush lines daily; verify 2–3 ppm free chlorine at the end of lines; clean header tanks; avoid biofilm build-up.
• - Feed review: confirm no abrupt feed change; check protein/energy balance and NSP levels; consider adding enzymes and a short course of in-feed anticlostridials if allowed.
• - Dead bird handling: remove twice daily; dispose by incineration or deep burial with biosecurity; keep records of mortality and culls.
• - Biosecurity: restrict visitors, dedicated boots/clothing, footbaths at entries, rodent/insect control, clean-to-dirty workflow, equipment disinfection with an effective disinfectant (e.g., QAC + glutaraldehyde or peroxygen).
• - Eimeria control program: after this episode, review vaccination/anticoccidial rotation to prevent resistance and future outbreaks.
• - Record-keeping: log daily water/feed intake, temperature, humidity, and mortality to track response to interventions.

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Lab Tests

• - Postmortem on 5–10 fresh dead birds: score intestinal lesions for Eimeria (duodenum/jejunum/ceca) and necrotic enteritis (fibrinonecrotic plaques).
• - Fecal oocyst count (OPG) and Eimeria speciation by PCR if available.
• - Bacterial culture and sensitivity from liver, spleen, heart blood, and affected intestine for E. coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella.
• - IBD testing: bursa of Fabricius histopathology and RT-PCR; paired ELISA titers if possible.
• - Rule-outs for ND/AI: RT-PCR on pooled tracheal and cloacal swabs if sudden/unexplained high mortality persists.
• - Water quality testing: microbiology, free chlorine measurement at drinker ends; pH and hardness.
• - Feed analysis: mycotoxins (especially aflatoxin), nutrient profile, and rancidity.

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Missing Information

• - Clear flock size and units for stocking density; current numbers conflict (Flock size 10 vs. high daily mortality).
• - Clinical signs: droppings (color, blood/mucus), dehydration, depression, ruffled feathers, pasty vents, feed/water intake, respiratory or neurologic signs.
• - Necropsy findings: location and type of intestinal lesions, presence of cecal cores, bursal swelling/hemorrhage, hepatosplenomegaly.
• - Vaccination history and dates (ND, IBD, IB, AI; coccidiosis vaccine or in-feed ionophores/chemicals).
• - Recent treatments/medications already given, and responses.
• - Environmental data: house temperature, humidity, ventilation rates, ammonia levels; drinker type and water consumption.
• - Feed information: supplier, recent changes, ingredient profile (wheat level), use of enzymes or toxin binders.
• - Water source and sanitation program; free chlorine levels at the end of lines.